CARBON STOCK CHANGES ASSESSMENT IN TAMBLING WILDLIFE NATURE CONSERVATION BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN NATIONAL PARK

CARBON STOCK CHANGES ASSESSMENT IN TAMBLING WILDLIFE NATURE CONSERVATION BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN NATIONAL PARK

Prasetyo A¹, Hikmat A² , Prasetyo LB³

¹ Student of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecotourism Forestry Faculty Bogor Agricultural University

² Lecture of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecotourism, Plant Conservation Laboratory Forestry Faculty Bogor Agricultural University

³ Lecture of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecotourism, Environmental Spatial Analysis Laboratory Forestry Faculty Bogor Agricultural University

Abstract

Global warming effect can be mitigated in two ways, namely carbon loss reduction or emission and increasing carbon storage within vegetation. Forest can absorb CO₂ trough photosynthesis process and sink them in biomass. Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation (TWNC) as a part of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) have been facing land cover change due to encroachment. The study aimed to measure carbon stocks in various land cover and to compare carbon stocks for the whole are of TWNC TNBBS in 2000-2009.

Carbon stocks measurement was conducted in TWNC TNBBS during August 8^th to October 8^th 2009, 50 plots were sampled including nature forest, secondary forest, agroforestry, shrub, Imperata cylindrica , and grassland by purposive sampling method. Soil carbon was not measured in this study. Multi temporal Landsat images were used to produce land cover map of TWNC TNBBS by supervised classification. The two time snapshot landscape level carbon stock was basically done by re attributing the land cover map of the particular year with corresponding plot-level carbon stock. The expected output was a carbon stock estimation based on land cover. Area calculation of each land cover types, to archive carbon budget for TWNC TNBBS, for 2000 and for 2009.

Nature forest has the highest carbon stocks by 178,44 MgC.ha^-1, and grassland be a poorest carbon stocks (1,47 MgC.ha^-1). While, secondary forest’s carbon in amount 81,65 MgC.ha^-1, old coffee agroforestry by 63,69 MgC.ha^-1, young coffee agroforestry by 27,92 MgC.ha^-1, young cacao agroforestry by 14,04 MgC.ha^-1, shrub by 10,51 MgC.ha^-1, and Imperata cylindrica land by 3,57 MgC.ha^-1. In 2000, 62,45% area of TWNC TNBBS was primaryforest, and 18,84% was secondary forest. Illegal logging was hold in TWNC TNBBS and has impact for decrease land cover by forest in this area. In 2009, land cover by primary forest only 54,01% from total area TWNC TNBBS. Degradation forest from primary forest to secondary forest was increase land cover area by secondary forest (25,76%). Degradation and deforestation were hold in TWNC TNBBS result to decrease total carbon stock in this area.

During the time between 2000 to 2009, primary forest carbon stock decrease in amount of 457,792.52 Mg along with the decrease in land cover of this forest type. As many as 24.4% of natural forests in 2000 turned into the others type of land use such as a secondary forest of 21.63%, for shrubs 1.61% and 0.06% for agroforestry in 2009. Totally, TWNC TNBBS has loss its carbon stocks as many as 279422 Mg, it’s mean the annual average carbon stocks contained in the TWNC TNBBS area decreased by around 27,942.2 Mg (0.72%) per year. Its mean, 1,024,547 Mg CO₂ or 102,454.7 Mg CO­₂ every year was lose from TWNC TNBBS area.

Key words : global warming, carbon stock, vegetation, land use